A Lodash developer utilizes the Lodash library in JavaScript programming to simplify coding tasks. They use Lodash's built-in methods for manipulating arrays, objects, strings, and other data types more efficiently. Their tasks include handling complex data structures, simplifying array and object transformations, and improving code readability and maintainability. They also ensure smooth functions chaining and improve performance by reducing iterative code and handling edge cases. A Lodash developer's role is crucial in enhancing code efficiency and productivity, reducing errors, and making the code more understandable and easier to work with.